英语时态大全

1. 基本时态形式

1.1. 一般现在时（Present Simple）

• 肯定句：subject + verb (+ s )
  • 例句：
    1. I eat.
    2. She eats toast.
• 否定句：subject + do / does + not + verb
  • 例句：
    1. I don’t eat toast.
    2. She doesn’t eat fish.
• 疑问句：(question word +) do / does + subject + verb?
  • 例句：
    1. Do you eat breakfast every day?
    2. When does she eat lunch?

1.2. 一般现在时（含 be 动词）（Present Simple with 'be'）

• 肯定句：subject + am / is / are
  • 例句：
    1. I am hungry.
    2. She is in a cafe.
• 否定句：subject + am / is / are + not
  • 例句：
    1. I’m not hungry.
    2. She isn’t happy.
• 疑问句：question word  + am / is / are + subject …?
  • 例句：
    1. Is he at home?
    2. Why are you hungry?

1.3. 现在进行时（Present Continuous）

• 肯定句：subject + am / is / are + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. She’s eating toast.
    2. They are eating lunch now.
• 否定句：subject + am / is / are + not + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. He isn’t eating.
    2. We are not eating at home.
• 疑问句：question word+ am / is / are + subject + verb-ing?
  • 例句：
    1. When are they eating?
    2. Is he eating now?

1.4. 现在完成时（Present Perfect）

• 肯定句：subject + have / has + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. I’ve eaten breakfast.
    2. He has eaten lunch.
• 否定句：subject + have / has + not + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. We haven’t eaten yet.
    2. She hasn’t eaten the chocolate.
• 疑问句：question word + have / has + subject + past participle?
  • 例句：
    1. What have you eaten today?
    2. Has she eaten lunch?

1.5. 现在完成进行时（Present Perfect Continuous）

• 肯定句：subject + have / has + been + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. I’ve been eating.
    2. She’s been eating biscuits all day.
• 否定句：subject + have / has + not + been + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. They haven’t been eating.
    2. He has not been eating toast.
• 疑问句：question word + have / has + subject + been + verb-ing?
  • 例句：
    1. What has she been eating?
    2. Have they been eating breakfast?

1.6. 一般过去时（Past Simple）

• 肯定句：subject + 过去式（verb+ed）
  • 例句：
    1. I ate an apple.
    2. She ate some rice.
• 否定句：subject + did + not + verb
  • 例句：
    1. She didn’t eat anything.
    2. They did not eat breakfast.
• 疑问句：question word + did + subject + verb?
  • 例句：
    1. Did you eat the chocolate?
    2. What did they eat for lunch?

1.7. 一般过去时（含 be 动词）（Past Simple with 'be'）

• 肯定句：subject + was / were
  • 例句：
    1. I was hungry.
    2. They were in a restaurant.
• 否定句：subject + was / were + not
  • 例句：
    1. We weren’t hungry.
    2. She wasn’t at home.
• 疑问句：question word + was / were + subject …?
  • 例句：
    1. Why was she hungry?
    2. Were you hungry?

1.8. 过去进行时（Past Continuous）

• 肯定句：subject + was / were + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. I was eating.
    2. They were eating lunch.
• 否定句：subject + was / were + not + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. You weren’t eating.
    2. She wasn’t eating a sandwich.
• 疑问句：question word + was / were + subject + verb-ing?
  • 例句：
    1. Where were you eating?
    2. Was she eating an apple?

1.9. 过去完成时（Past Perfect）

• 肯定句：subject + had + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. I had eaten.
    2. She’d eaten lunch.
• 否定句：subject + had + not + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. I hadn’t been eating.
    2. She hadn’t been eating an apple.
• 疑问句：(question word +) had + subject + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. Why had you eaten?
    2. Had they eaten fish before?

1.10. 过去完成进行时（Past Perfect Continuous）

• 肯定句：subject + had + been + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. I had been eating chocolate all day.
    2. She’d been eating breakfast.
• 否定句：subject + had + not + been + verbing
  • 例句：
    1. I hadn’t been eating.
    2. She hadn’t been eating an apple.
• 疑问句：(question word +) had + subject + been + verb-ing?
  • 例句
    1. Why had he been eating?
    2. Had they been eating enough fruit?

1.11. 一般将来时（future simple）

• 肯定句：subject + will + verb
  • 例句：
    1. I will eat later.
    2. She will eat at home.
• 否定句：subject + will + not + verb
  • 例句：
    1. We won’t eat anything tonight.
    2. He will not eat fish.
• 疑问句：(question word +) will + subject + verb?
  • 例句
    1. What will you eat for lunch?
    2. Will she eat meat?

1.12. 将来进行时（future simple）

• 肯定句：subject + will + be + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. I will be eating at 8pm.
    2. She will be eating a sandwich.
• 否定句：subject + will + not + be + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. They won’t be eating.
    2. He will not be eating anything.
• 疑问句：(question word +) will + subject + be + verb-ing?
  • 例句
    1. What will you be eating?
    2. Will they be eating at 6pm?

1.13. 将来完成时（future perfect）

• 肯定句：subject + will + have + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. I will have eaten lunch by 3 o’clock.
    2. She’ll have eaten all the chocolate.
• 否定句：subject + will + not + have + past participle
  • 例句：
    1. He won’t have eaten lunch yet.
    2. They will not have eaten their sandwiches.
• 疑问句：(question word +) will + subject + have + past participle?
  • 例句
    1. When will you have eaten?
    2. Will she have eaten dinner by nine?

1.14. 将来完成时（future perfect continuous）

• 肯定句：subject + will + have + been + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. They will have been eating fruit.
    2. We’ll have been eating all day.
• 否定句：subject + will + not + have + been + verb-ing
  • 例句：
    1. I won’t have been eating fish.
    2. They will not have been eating lunch.
• 疑问句：(question word +) will + subject + have + been + verb-ing?
  • 例句
    1. What will she have been eating?
    2. Will you have been eating chocolate?