The winner of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences studies how people spend their money. He also has explored how spending can affect both living conditions and poverty.
2015年诺贝尔经济学奖得主研究人们如何花自己的钱。他还探讨了消费如何影响生活水准以及贫困。

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is presenting the Economics Prize to Professor Angus Deaton of Princeton University in New Jersey. The Nobel committee says his research has mainly dealt with three questions: How do consumers distribute their spending among different goods? How much of society's wealth is spent and how much is saved? And, how do we best measure and study well-being and poverty?
瑞典皇家科学院将经济学奖颁发给了新泽西州普林斯顿大学的安格斯·迪顿（Angus Deaton）教授。诺贝尔委员会表示，迪顿的研究主要涉及三个方面：消费者如何在不同的商品间分配开支？社会财富消费了多少，储蓄了多少？我们如何最好地衡量和研究福利和贫困？

Mr. Deaton used household surveys to collect detailed information about how families spend their money. For example in one study, the Princeton professor examined the relationship between poverty and the amount of calories in the food people ate.
迪顿先生采用了住户调查来收集各个家庭如何支出资金的详细信息。例如在一项研究中，这位普林斯顿大学的教授考察了贫困和人们所食用食品的热量之间的关系。

The Nobel committee said Mr. Deaton's research has shown "how the clever use of household data can shed light on issues such as the relationship between income and calorie intake, and the extent of gender discrimination with the family."
诺贝尔委员会表示，迪顿先生的研究表明了“如何巧妙利用家庭数据揭示收入和热量摄入的关系，以及家庭性别歧视程度等问题。”

The Princeton professor was asked why he paid so much attention to household information. Mr. Deaton said that his studies were mainly about people and their behavior.
在被问到为什么如此关注家庭信息时迪顿先生表示，他的研究主要是关于人类及其行为。

"Well, you know, it's individually... it's about people in the end, and if you don't understand... you have to understand what makes people tick, and you have to understand, you know, what's good for them. And for me it's always been about trying to understand behavior and to try to infer from that behavior, you know, how people are doing."
他说，“你知道，它是独特的，到头来它涉及的是人类。如果你不明白，你必须明白人们如何抉择，你得明白什么对他们有利。对我来说，我一直在试图理解行为，试图从这种行为推论人们如何作为。”

The Nobel committee also praised Mr. Deaton's work because it used detailed information about real people, not theoretical ideas. Subjects of his research have included happiness, well-being and aging.
诺贝尔委员会还称赞了迪顿先生的工作，因为它利用了真实人群的详细信息，而不是理论设想。他的研究课题包括幸福、福利和老龄化。

At a press conference this week, the Nobel Prize winner said he was pleased that his work had been recognized. He told reporters he believed poverty would decrease. "I think we've had a remarkable decrease for the past 20 to 30 years. I do expect that to continue," he said.
在本周的新闻发布会上，这位诺贝尔奖得主表示，他很高兴他的工作得到认可。他告诉记者，他认为贫困将会减少。迪顿说，“我认为在过去的二三十年里，贫困显著下降。我预计它将会继续下去。”

Mr. Deaton is a citizen of both the United States and Britain. He was born in Scotland. He has served as a Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Princeton since 1983. The Economics Prize has been offered by Sweden's central bank in memory of Alfred Nobel since 1969. It is valued this year at $978,000.
迪顿先生既是美国又是英国公民。他出生在英格兰。自1983年以来他一直担任普林斯顿大学经济和国际事务学教授。经济学奖自1969年以来一直由瑞典中央银行发出，用以纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔（Alfred Nobel）先生。今年该奖项价值978,000美元。