1.withdraw v.撤回, 取回, 撤消, 使撤退, 拉开, 移开

例句：The invader decided to withdraw because of villagers' five months of stubborn resistance.
       侵略者受到村民长达五个月的顽强抵抗，决定撤退。

2.interference n.冲突, 干涉

例句：A sudden change in the output signal may cause interference with your portable radio.
      传出信号的突然改变可能会使你的便     携收音机受到信号干扰。

3.secede v.正式脱离(或退出), 分离

例句：They plotted to make the whole Mississippi Valley secede from the United States.
      他们阴谋策划使整个密西西比流域脱离美国。

4.furious a.狂怒的, 激烈的, 吵闹的

例句：The political scandal triggered the furious criticism of the people against the president.
       政治丑闻激起了人民对总统的猛烈批评。

5.hostile a.敌人的, 怀敌意的, 敌对的

例句：The team manager was hostile to our proposals.
      部门经理对我们的建议持反对意见。

6.compromise n.妥协, 折中, 折中方案, 和解

例句：Regarding the salary, no compromise will be considered.
       在薪金的问题上是没有商讨余地的。

1.The Republicans were a new party, and Lincoln was the first to be elected president.

the first to第一个……的人，不定式做后置定语。

2.They wanted to stop slavery from spreading into the western territories.

stop from

prevent...from,keep...from还有stop。。。from 这三个句式的意义都是：阻止……做……或阻止某事的发生，而protect...from是表示保护……不受伤害

prevent...from 和stop……from 用在主动语态中from可以省略。
keep...from在表示此意时，from不可以省略。keep。。。doing 是使。。。处在。。。状态中的意思。
prevent...from,keep...from还有stop。。。from 这三个句式中from后面的动词与from前面的词构成动宾关系时，后面用动名词的被动形式。

We must prevent the water from being polluted.
我们必须防止水被污染。
What stopped him from coming here?
是什么阻止他来这里的呢？
The heavy rain kept us from coming on time.
大雨使我们没能及时到达。

3.President James Buchanan, who would leave office in just a few months, was forced to deal with the situation.

be forced to被迫做某事

例句：If you don't attend class, I'll be forced to give you a failing grade.
       如果你不来上课，我只能给你不及格了。

deal with安排, 处理, 涉及, 做生意

例句：While I was working for that company, I had to deal with consumer affairs.
       就职于那家公司时，我要处理和客户的关系事宜。